大家都知道，出國留學(xué)的條件之一就是托?；蛘哐潘汲煽?。報名哪一種考試就看要去留學(xué)的學(xué)校的要求。托?？荚嚳刹幌裎覀兤匠５目荚嚹菢?，也不像四級六級一樣裸考也可能過。托福考試可是可能會是很多讓留學(xué)生頭疼的考試。特別是托?？谡Z。像寫作聽力閱讀這些我們在平?？荚嚩紩鲆姡峭懈？谡Z是有考官在面前，這不僅考你的口語能力，還考驗(yàn)?zāi)愕膽?yīng)變能力。托?？谡Z怎么準(zhǔn)備模板？下面我將介紹一些托?？谡Z模板常用的對話，大家可以看著來練習(xí)，多多練習(xí)。
一、托?？谡Z模板常用對話
1、Hold on 等一下 (口語中，人們不太用wait a minute)如果兩人辯論，吵架，抬杠，你要別人“打住”，可以說，hold it right there.
2、I hate his guts. 我最討厭他。也有說I hate him guts. Guts 是腸子，相當(dāng)于“恨之入骨”的意思。He doesn’t have many guts. 他是個膽小鬼。 gut feeling 直覺
3、Nuts, 果仁，核，為復(fù)數(shù)時，意為“瘋子”，He is nuts。他有神經(jīng)病。He went nuts and killed a guy.他發(fā)瘋了，結(jié)果殺了一個人。You are driving me nuts. 你真是要把我逼瘋。a tough nut to crack, 一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)，一個難解之題
4、How is everything? (還好嗎?) I am just stuck in a rut, doing the same things every day. I wish I could do something different. (煩死了，每天都是干同樣的活，我真想換個活法。) rut 日常的，每天都如此。get in a rut，日復(fù)一日，天天如此
5、I have totally sold out to your idea. 我100%地贊同贊同你的意見。類似的話還有If you are not careful enough, you will buy into his bad idea. 如果你不小心的話，你就會采納他的這餿主意。
6、I am just ecstatic about going to visit you soon. 馬上要見你，我高興死了。
7、A dap and dip 打個照面，露下臉就走。
Matt: Are we going to Jon’s party?我們?nèi)キ偟木蹠?
Darryl: Yeah, but I don’t want to stay long, so let’s make it a dap and dip.那就去吧，不過我可不想多呆，頂多就打個照面就走人。
8、I would like to get a job within couching distance. 我想找個不用走路就可以上班的工作。Couching distance,沙發(fā)距離，就是坐在沙發(fā)上不起身也能夠得著。這是那種 couch potato喜歡做的美夢。
9、Yukky 難吃，說這個詞時還要做一個難吃的表情。Where did you get this food? It was yukky. 你從哪里弄了這吃的?那么難吃。
10、與yukky相反的詞是yummy，好吃極了。說這個詞時，要不然就把音拖一下，要不然說它兩次，表示你真的喜歡主人做的這道菜。
11、I cannot take it any more. 我再也無法忍受了。前面還可以加上一句：don’t push me. 不要再逼我呀。 同樣意思的句子還有：I cannot stand him any longer.
12、Don’t take it out on me! 不要把氣出在我身上。
13、You have my word. 我向你保證(是這樣)。
14、Look, I have to got going. 就這樣了，我還得干活呢(還得趕路)。這是向人告辭的說法。
15、You’re talking crazy. 你滿嘴胡言。相當(dāng)于you talk nonsense之意。 從語法上看，將形容詞放在動詞后不是很正規(guī)，但人家都這么說，也就可以將就了。
二、托?？谡Z話題范文賞析
范文1?
The thing I often take up in my leisure time is surfing the internet. The information on the internet can enable me to understand the world better. And it helps me to become a more successful person. When I was selecting which university and which major to take after I graduated from the high school, the internet gave me a lot of useful information about the future of some of my prospective professions. I even talked with several people in those particular professions and got their opinions about it. And I think it is really helpful. (96 words)?
范文2?
The one that I personally admire the most is a character named Alan Shore in a TV series called Boston Legal. Maybe you have heard about it. This character has changed my definition of what a perfect man is and what characteristics one should hopefully possess. He is decent, a man of his word, one of the very few that I regard as having a strong sense of justice. Yet he is not bound up by the rules and knows when to break them to achieve the ultimate good. And he is interesting and eloquent, all the things that I desire to have. (103?
范文3?
The most important invention in my life is definitely the computer. I spend almost half of my waking hours on it. Definitely the computer，through the computer I can communicate with the world using the internet. And it helps me to become a more successful person. When I was selecting which university and which major to take after I graduated from the high school, the internet gave me a lot of useful information about the future of some of my prospective professions. I even talked with several people in those particular professions and got their opinions about it. And I think it is really helpful. (105)?
范文4?
I think one of the most important effects of the internet is that it can help us understand the world better, and communicate with the world in a way that nothing else can achieve. It helps me to become a more successful person. When I was selecting which university and which major to take after I graduated from the high school, the internet gave me a lot of useful information about the future of some of my prospective professions. I even talked with several people in those particular professions and got their opinions about it. And I think it is really helpful. (102)?
范文5?
The place I would like to visit most is the outer space，the place where most of the physical laws on the earth do not apply. It is interesting to see everything floating in the air. And the term “in the air” should also be modified simply because there is no air anyway. It is interesting to walk the distance in a whole new style. And it is interesting to see the mother planet from a whole new angle. This big blue crystal sphere，from the pictures taken by those astronauts, the sight is marvelous. And I am dying to see this big blue ball in this style. (108)?
范文6?
For me I think it is the history. For I am a Chinese and we have so long of it. There simply is too much to remember. And the years, the names, the places, the events all became tangled up once you learn beyond 3 or 4 dynasties and I don’t even remember we have how many of them. But I still think it important because what is going on in this country still bear traces from the past with or without our notice, although we’d like to say that we live in a new China. And I think learning history is a great way to understand this country that I am born into. (114)?
范文7?
I’d like to talk to Alan Shore from the TV series Boston Legal. He is the kind of person I admire. He is decent, a man of his word, one of the very few that I regard as having a strong sense of justice. Yet he is not bound up by the rules and knows when to break them to achieve the ultimate good. And he is interesting and eloquent, all the things that I desire to have. I want to talk to him about how to balance when you want to have principles and yet not bound up by them at the same time. (105)?
范文8?
I want to read biography books, because although we’d love to say that the society is changing and developing, human nature never changes much. And the biography books help me understand the nature behind the more visible events. I may encounter the same problems in the future and I’d like to know how others deal with them. And everyone is trying to present a more glamorous version of the self and it creates lots of illusions. Biography is a kind of way to break down these illusions and offers the truth about humanity. (93)?
三、新托?？谡Z評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)解讀
評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：四分(解讀)
A. General Deion
總體，即整段錄音給人的直觀印象，是直覺，是并未用細(xì)則的評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來判斷時的直接感受。
ETS在Soring Rubic中對于總體要求的描述還是集中在“內(nèi)容”層面為主。
首先，“with at most minor lapses in completeness”表明了內(nèi)容完整性的重要。
不要以為會流利地發(fā)音，表面上說得很流暢、沒有停頓iBT就能過關(guān)。
ETS考察的是你用英語交流的能力，所以要說的讓別人能聽懂、能了解你的意思，那么意思的表達(dá)就要有首有尾，盡量形成一個complete cycle。
其次，"highly intelligible and exhibits sustained, coherentdiscourse"說的是表達(dá)過程中邏輯的演繹要有條理。
在口語前兩題的敘述中，我們的邏輯可遵循老美常用的總分結(jié)構(gòu)，一語中的。
而不要用我們東方人習(xí)慣的“彎彎繞”般的“暗喻”，希望老美能猜透你的深層“精神內(nèi)涵”。
在線真題練習(xí)，專門解決練習(xí)量不夠、機(jī)考不適應(yīng)
智課真題練習(xí)系統(tǒng)，幫你及時攻克短板，丟分項(xiàng)變?yōu)槌龇贮c(diǎn)。
必考題型、考試難點(diǎn)層層拆分，多維度精準(zhǔn)對接考點(diǎn)，及時打分；海量真題在線練，并附超詳細(xì)題目解析；還有智課獨(dú)家視頻逐題精講，名師帶你剖析重、難點(diǎn)，不放過任何一個漏分點(diǎn)。
B. Delivery
Delivery部分主要關(guān)注語言本身。首先是對說話時語音、語調(diào)、語速的要求。
“Generally well-paced flow(fluid expression). Speech is clear.”有些同學(xué)對這句話有誤讀。
中國學(xué)生尤其會偏向于加快自己的語速，覺得速度越快就是越流利，就說明自己對語言的掌握越熟練。
其實(shí),“Fluid expression”講的不是“快”，而是整體的“流暢”。這兩個概念是有區(qū)別的。
適當(dāng)做一些停頓來突出你的重點(diǎn)，也是語言的掌控能力的表現(xiàn)，ETS才會要求有"well-paced flow"使得speech能夠clear。
說到語音語調(diào)，很多人就覺得是音標(biāo)的問題，有的人也怕自己的口音會影響太大。
說口音完全沒有關(guān)系是不可能的，老實(shí)說，肯定口音越純正聽起來越舒服，這點(diǎn)毋庸置疑。
但關(guān)鍵問題是，我們中國人說英文常常沒有“重點(diǎn)”，所謂的重點(diǎn)就是“抑揚(yáng)頓挫”。
大家小時候背古詩的時候都知道，光背字面意思毫無感情地一遍遍是很難記住的，而在真正理解詩意的情況下，帶有感情地朗讀出來很容易就能記住，而這時候你注意一下自己的發(fā)音的話，很多“字”都是有重點(diǎn)的、有重音的。
這是因?yàn)槟阍谟米约旱乃枷胫v話，而不是用舌頭講話。
IBT的道理也是一樣，所謂“把英文說得跟母語一樣”就是用思想在講話的境界。
當(dāng)然，我們可能做不到這一點(diǎn)。但有些技巧我們是能掌握的。
? 技巧:重音
在一句話里總有你想強(qiáng)調(diào)的意思。舉個老例子，大家讀一下這句話“She always loves me.”試試看把重音每次強(qiáng)調(diào)在不同的單詞上，讀出區(qū)別來了嗎?這就是重音的作用，即使是同一句話，因?yàn)橹匾舻牟煌故镜谋澈蟮倪壿嬕簿痛笙鄰酵ァ?/p>
? 技巧:適當(dāng)停頓
英文說得好的人為什么讓別人聽起來會不累?因?yàn)樗麄兌际窃谟谩耙馊骸北磉_(dá)。
這就是說他們主動把一句話的意思拆成一小段一小段有重點(diǎn)地說給你聽，幫助你理解。
所以你也會聽得津津有味，甚至覺得他思路非常清晰。
我們在說話時活用停頓是很有用的，短暫的停頓會幫助把句意切成有機(jī)的整體，說出節(jié)奏感，而且起到引起注意、強(qiáng)調(diào)的作用。
比如“The response fulfills the demands of the task / with at most minorlapses in completeness.”我們讀這句的時候，斜杠的部分要注意停頓而不能一口氣以同樣的速度讀下去。
隨后，“It may include minor lapses, or minor difficulties with pronunciationor intonation patterns, which do not affect intelligibility.”我們主要討論"minor lapses"。
我們常常在說的時候會出現(xiàn)停頓，這個不是前面所說的為了強(qiáng)調(diào)意群而故意做的，而是因?yàn)榇竽X一下子沒跟上而嘴里不知道接下去該說什么。
碰到這種情況，建議千萬不要“留白”，也就是不要對著話筒一語不發(fā)，因?yàn)檫@樣非但會弄得自己更緊張，而且你腦子里的空白會太明顯，讓ETS覺得你思路沒法跟上。
那碰到這樣的瞬間空白怎么辦呢?可以用一些過渡詞來填補(bǔ)，會顯得很自然，其實(shí)老美自己在說話時也會出現(xiàn)這樣的大腦延遲，但他們不會一言不發(fā)，而用well...”,”you know…”,”I mean…”之類的話來等腦子跟上。
大家也可以嘗試著練一下，熟悉這種方法以后就會覺得自己說話不會一停一停，而是很fluid。
當(dāng)然，最后說一句，這個方法也不是萬能的，用得太多的話也會招人厭，所以要自己掌握下度。
C. Language Use
在Language Use部分我們中國學(xué)生往往要注意的不是別用詞用句太簡單，而是別用太復(fù)雜的句式。
我們常常tend to use復(fù)雜的句式，一是因?yàn)閺男〉挠⑽慕逃Ｊ降年P(guān)系，二是潛意識里認(rèn)為會用從句套從句才牛，想用從句來壓死老外。
誰料先被壓死的是自己。我們畢竟不是native speaker，當(dāng)你口語中的句式太復(fù)雜時自己的邏輯就會被繞進(jìn)去，而口語是不可能像作文那樣讓你回頭檢查好好琢磨主謂賓的。
其次，老外實(shí)際說話的時候也不會用那么復(fù)雜的句式，意思表達(dá)清楚就好，太復(fù)雜反而Chinglish。
比如說：一句“我每天早上都會去家旁邊的公園里跑步，在那里我總是能看到很多有趣的我在上班的時候看不到的事情，在辦公室上班總是很無聊、讓我灰心喪氣，所以我更喜歡
每天早上的跑步了?！睂懗蓮木漕愋涂赡苁恰癐 go for jogging every morning in the park beside my home where Ialways find interesting things that I never see when I work in office in whichmy life is always boring and frustrating that makes me love jogging in themorning even more.”但當(dāng)場用口語說出這句話可能到一半就找不著北了。
所以個人建議我們口語中用從句的話最多1個,防止把自己繞進(jìn)去。
用嘴說的話，可能是這個版本"You know, I go for jogging every morning in the park besidesmy home. I always find interesting things there that I never see in the office.I feel the life in office is always boring and frustrating which makes me lovejogging in the morning even more.”
從句和簡單句結(jié)合，意思既清楚，表達(dá)又輕松，還有節(jié)奏感。
D. Topic Development
這部分說的是我們在短短45秒內(nèi)邏輯的表達(dá)。
比較有效、單刀直入的結(jié)構(gòu)是“總起(直接回答問題)+ 理由1+ 理由1的支持論據(jù) + 理由2 + 理由2的支持論據(jù)”，不用特意再加結(jié)尾句。
總起句不用長，直接簡單句回答問題就行。比如"My favorite city is Shanghai.", "The man I respectthe most is my father, for 2 reasons.”
理由1的第一句，也是簡單地闡述第一個支持理由。比如“First of all,Shanghai is a big city that provides me a lot of exposure and various workingopportunities.”
這里想提醒大家，在說前兩個口語topic的時候切忌說了一大堆理論化的理由，但沒有一個是展開細(xì)節(jié)來支持的，這會讓ETS覺得你的argument不夠strong。
四、如何快速提高托福口語
托?？谡Z怎么練習(xí)？找到一個專業(yè)的外教進(jìn)行練習(xí)還是很有必要的。分享一下我在用的app：留小留，可以隨時和世界各地的Native Speaker進(jìn)行一對一的口語對練，里面有很多專業(yè)的托福外教可以選擇，而且還有前托福高級考官，強(qiáng)烈建議考試前跟托?？脊倌M測試一下。這個軟件用起來就跟打微信語音／視頻電話一樣，質(zhì)量很清晰。這個是最讓我感到意外且性價比超級高的一個APP了。我長期練習(xí)的一個外教陪練是英國的Leila，她不僅口音純正，而且人超級nice，她本人還是一個攝影師，我也經(jīng)常跟她交流攝影方面的技巧。
不過大家在跟外國人練習(xí)托?？谡Z的時候，我有2個建議：1是提前準(zhǔn)備一個話題，帶著話題去跟他們練習(xí)能讓你學(xué)到很多地道的表達(dá)；2.是不一定非要選擇歐美的老外，像有些南非、菲律賓的也很專業(yè)，練習(xí)口語也不錯。
我們精心為大家整理的《托?？谡Z模板常用對話 托?？谡Z話題范文賞析》文章不知道大家滿不滿意，如果大家想了解更多語言培訓(xùn)相關(guān)的信息，請關(guān)注語言培訓(xùn)欄目。
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