今天,小編來為托??忌鷤儨蕚湟恍┩懈?荚嚨膫淇枷嚓P(guān)資訊,相信很多正在備考托福的考生還不知道托??谡Z素材怎么積累吧,口語這關(guān)一直是很多考生最難過的一關(guān),除了需要堅持每天練習(xí)口語以外,口語素材的準備也是很關(guān)鍵的,有一份完整的托福獨立口語常用素材就對備考的幫助就會非常顯著了,那么小編今天為大家?guī)硪恍﹤淇纪懈?谡Z的干貨,希望能夠幫助大家順利備考,輕松過關(guān)哦。
一、托福獨立口語常用素材
1.Being Humorous
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素材:
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It occurs to me that Mr. Bean is the person who always makes me laugh. Mr. Bean rarely speaks, but his exaggerated/odd facial expressions usually make me burst into laughter. He usually misbehaves himself, for example, he once drops his coffee on a man’s laptop and then lets someone else take the blame. Besides, his ignorance of what’s going on around him also appears to be funny to me. For instance, in one scene, while Mr. Bean is driving, he falls asleep at the wheel.
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I keep several Mr. Bean series in my computer, and when I feel upset or low, or want to have a study break, I usually open the files and watch a few episodes. His zany behaviors never fail to make me laugh.
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(備注:素材中選取的人物是Mr. Beans,大家在練習(xí)的時候,針對不同的題目,可以把人物換成不同的對象,比如my father,my friend等等)
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可應(yīng)用的題目:
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What kind of movie do you like most? Explain why you like this kind of movie. Include reasons and examples to support your response.
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While choosing a friend, which of the following characteristics do you care about most: honesty, loyalty or sense of humor? Explain why this characteristic is the most important to you.
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Talk your family member which has similar traits as you. Describe that trait.
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Talk about a person you enjoy talking with.
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Describe your favorite movie star or singer.
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2.Being Considerate
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素材:
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He is a very considerate and caring person. For example, once I suffered from an intense stomachache, although he had something urgent at hand, he took me to the hospital immediately after he had learnt my illness. I’m still full of appreciation when I recall that moment.
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可應(yīng)用的題目:
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Describe the characteristic of a good teacher and don’t forget to include some details and examples in your response.
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What’s the most important quality a good neighbor should have? Include reasons and details to support your response.
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What qualities should a leader have? Include details and examples in your response.(06/10/21)
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Is that good to feed a dog or a cat. What can you benefit from such an experience?
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Choose a quality you think makes someone a valuable member of a team. Explain why you think it is an important quality for a team or group member to have.
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Describe the person you asked for help once, and explain how you solved your problem.
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二、托??谡Z細節(jié)技巧
首先是第一題,preference 題或稱之為“偏好題”,經(jīng)過收集和研究,題型主要走人物題、地點題、事件題及物品題。由于不會出現(xiàn)雅思考試考官針對同一話題問兩次到三次的情況,所以針對托福備考有個稱之為“同一話題只需準備一個題材”的概念,也就是在備考前面對同一話題無需泛化去找另類話題,而是不斷深化,思考可以囊括闡述其他人物、地點、事件或物品的通用理由。如果文章開始表述,建議如同寫作一樣大體分為三段闡述,開題無需技巧,簡單讀題即可,把you 都改成me,比起I think……開頭可以省去相對多的思維時間。內(nèi)容一般找三個理由,為避免理由重復(fù)或累贅,建議就方便、經(jīng)濟、減壓等常用理由進行練習(xí),并結(jié)合不斷問自己How 及Why 等問題來充實內(nèi)容,完成example 的部分。最后用連詞進行連接,這里有個技巧,就使用first, also, finally,因為三到六題綜合題中這三個詞常成為提示詞出現(xiàn),在前兩題中使用可對其有一定敏感度。?
再次是第二題,結(jié)合第一題,內(nèi)容分布完全相同,并且這兩題對時間把握尤其重要,要求考生進行“掐表”練習(xí),對45s 有感性認識,當一定練習(xí)后,口語部分的考試不再是考內(nèi)容的,而是考時間的,因此在考試過程中掐時間角度有很多技巧可言,比如:當闡述內(nèi)容結(jié)束時時間為38s 或39s,則在最后可加句detail 或一句類似The person like me has no choice but to do sth.的長廢話;當結(jié)束時時間為41s 或42s,則在最后可加一句短廢話,如I find it’s cool.?
最討厭的是41s 說完這句短廢話后變成42s,離perfect time 還是有3 秒鐘,那么可以用一些裝口吃或吞口水的考場技巧將時間掐到44s 或45s。(實踐證明裝口吃或吞口水不扣分)最后是三到六題的綜合題部分。綜合題由于會有聽力和閱讀,因此要求考生對信號詞定位有所敏感,口語中涉及的技巧是即使不理解聽力內(nèi)容,結(jié)合簡單的信號詞如first, also, finally, but, yet, for the following reasons 等定位中心內(nèi)容,遇到生疏單詞、句子,記下讀音,再完整地還給考官,一樣得分。第三題聽力內(nèi)容中一男一女進行談話,就他們對閱讀內(nèi)容的態(tài)度與否(支持還是反對),不可以從語氣上進行判斷,要根據(jù)記錄內(nèi)容的回推去確認,以免犯錯。
三、托??谡Z備考小方法
多練真題
大量的做真題和模擬題,可以從題目中摸清出題人的思路,把握做題規(guī)律,明白人家出這個題是想讓你答什么,這個要訣是重中之重,說白了,沒有一定量真題經(jīng)驗的累積,其它要訣都是虛招。
舍長取短
美國人說話最講究簡潔明快,而且通常只求達意并不注重語法。ETS托福網(wǎng)考基于實際應(yīng)用的角度,更加注重語言的人性化,所以,在做口語題的時候?qū)W生應(yīng)該學(xué)會多用名詞動詞,少用形容詞副詞,多用簡單句短句,少用復(fù)合句長句。這樣不僅可以滿足“表達清晰易懂”的評分條件,同時還能滿足“語法準確”的要求,可謂一石二鳥之計。當然,中間適當點綴一兩句爛熟于胸的經(jīng)典俚語,效果自然事半功倍。
經(jīng)典五要素表達法
所謂經(jīng)典五要素,是WHO,WHAT, WHY, WHERE, HOW?!罢l,在什么時間什么地點做了什么事情,理由是什么?”在做第3、第4題的時候,由于增加了課堂對話和場景演講,要在做筆記的時候?qū)⑦@些要素點記下來,然后在答題的時候?qū)⑦@些要素組織起來,就是一段邏輯性強、主題明確、結(jié)構(gòu)完整的口語答案了。ETS對于口語表達的謀篇結(jié)構(gòu)不會苛刻的要求,只要條理清晰,邏輯完整就會得到不錯的分數(shù)。
倒金字塔結(jié)構(gòu)
因為時間短,任務(wù)重,而且要滿足“組織嚴密結(jié)構(gòu)完整”的要求,那么一個比較不錯的辦法就是效法新聞的經(jīng)典寫法“倒金字塔結(jié)構(gòu)”。所謂的倒金字塔結(jié)構(gòu)就是把重點擺前頭,再進一步修飾。首先要面對問題給出直截了當?shù)拇鸢?,再圍繞核心答案闡述解釋。
生動運用詞匯
詞匯不講究量,2500左右足亦,不講究難度,常用詞足亦,關(guān)鍵是熟練掌握和運用一些小的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞、動詞和美國口語的慣用方法,這能讓整個口語聽起來感覺精彩。比如,描述一個人聰明的時候,如果你用的是smart而不是clever,會給人眼前一亮的感覺,會感受到你的口語是流淌出來的,而不是擠出來的。
語速放慢,保證流暢性
在口語考試中,中等偏慢的語速是保證停頓次數(shù)減少的一個辦法,放慢的語速可以讓你邊說邊想。如果一旦出現(xiàn)思想斷流,這時候在精聽過程中已被你據(jù)為己有的常用連詞就會出來填補空間,使整個答案保持流暢。
跟讀練音不能含糊
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